Ikke's Blog

2 weeks ago, due to a power failure, a harddrive in a (UPS protected) server at VTK crashed. Unable to boot the machine, unrecoverable IDE errors,...
The machine was only used as a database server for now (both MySQL and PostgreSQL), and did not make external backups (yet). Yeah I know, stupid, but managing our network isn't that easy.

Anyway, the harddrive consisted of 3 partitions:

• /boot, ext3
• /, ext3
• an LVM2 PV

Both /boot and / were not of any use (except maybe some files in /etc), but the database files inside the LVM2 VG were pretty important, so they had to be recovered.

Do note all 3 partitions were the first part of a RAID1 volume, a second disk still had to be added.

Here's the recovery procedure, could be useful for some people out there:

• Get the harddrive out of the machine (other parts of it might be broken too, we want to use other hardware)
• Put the disk in a second machine, including another harddrive, big enough to contain images of all recovered partitions. This means this hard drive might need to be bigger than the original one!
• Run Linux on the machine. I had no Linux box around, so I used Knoppix (as I knew it had all tools I need)
• Make sure you got dd_rescue on the box (Knoppix got it), and dd_rhelp. In Knoppix, just download the tarball, extract it, run ./configure && make && sudo make install
• Become root: sudo su -
• Mount the new harddrive, first creating partitions/filesystems as necessary. I mounted it on /mnt/sda1
• cd /mnt/sda1
• dd_rhelp /dev/hda4 hda4-lvm-pv.img
  (where hda4 is the PV's partition)
• This can take an enormous amount of time, get some coffee, sleep, a life, whatever
• When the process is done, poweroff the machine (in a clean way). At this point, the broken harddrive was even more broken: fdisk -l /dev/hda didnt even show hda4 any longer.
• Take the broken harddrive out of the machine, and make a backup of the image you created, on another harddrive, a network share,... I used another harddrive.
• Remove the hard drive on which you made the backup copy from the system (just in case).
• Now real recovery can start. Boot the machine, mount the partition on which you made the image.
• From this point, all depends on how broken the disk was. As only some minor part of the 120GB PV contained important data, I was able to recover everything necessary.
• Export the image as if it's a block device:
  losetup /dev/loop0 /mnt/sda1/hda4-lvm-pv.img
  Now /dev/loop0 is just like the old /dev/hda4
• As the image is taken from a RAID-volume part in this case, I had to remove the RAID signature to let the LVM2 tools recognize it as an LVM2 PV:
  mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/loop0
• Let the system search for LVM2 PVs:
  pvscan
  This should show you it found some PV
• Activate the volume groups:
  vgchange -a y
• Now the old LV's should be back. If your VG used to be called "vg":
  ls /dev/vg
• fsck the necessary partitions:
  fsck /dev/vg/var-lib-mysql
  If this passes nicely, you're almost saved
• mkdir /mnt/mysql
  mount /dev/vg/var-lib-mysql /mnt/mysql
• Now you can use the files in /mnt/mysql to regenerate all necessary services. As I needed the databases to be up and running ASAP, I did a quick Debian install, using MySQL 4.1 (which was also the version running on the crashed server), and moved the recovered mysql database files to the correct locations. Some "check table", "myisamchk", "myisamchk -r" and "repair table"s later, the databases were up and running nicely

That's about it... Obviously, everything should be adapted to your specific setup/situation. The MySQL recovery might not work at all when the MySQL versions and binary formats defer, or the files are damaged too much. See the application-specific documentation for recovery techniques.

The new harddrive we bought to put images on, crashed itself too after 5 hours of operation. Luckily it could be replaced ;-)

For the record: the first broken harddrive was a Maxtor, 120GB PATA (not bought by me), the second one a Seagate 320GB PATA (bought by me, although I wanted to get a WesternDigital, but there were no more in the shop, and I needed a drive quickly). This Seagate was then replace by a WD 320GB SATA2 (which forced me to buy another PCI SATA controller), which works fine. Now don't start a brand-war.

/me is pretty happy all data is back, after all... Now up to reinstalling some webservices that were running on the crashed server.

Ikke • Technology Leave a comment

Tonight I wrote some little Python application to play around with Cairo (PyCairo that is), and XShape. The result? Something similar to MacSlow's Cairo-Clock, although much more basic.

You can find the result in my code section.

Just start it in some terminal. Clicking on the clock allows you to move it, clicking it while pressing a shift keys starts resizing mode. When running on top of a terminal/browser/whatever with scrollbars, try to move your pointer close to the clock's circle, inside the area that's normally covered by the clock's window/frame, then use your scrollwheel. As you should notice, the scroll events are not sent to the clock window, but to the underlying window: it's really a circle, not a transparant rectangular window which still catches all events anyway.

Have fun with it!

Edit: there's a little screencast online. Warning: colors look bad, this is caused by the recording software.

Ikke • Technology, Linux, Desktop, Coding Corner 3 comments

Nice move by the kernel developers.
Now hardware companies got almost no reason at all not to provide Linux drivers for their devices. Especially since "Linux Compatible" starts to become more important everyday.

Ikke • Technology, Linux Leave a comment

The Dutch government created a law some time ago enforcing all government sites to be W3C valid, accessible,... There's a list of 125 guidelines to which a site should comply.
Some highlights:

• valid HTML 4.01 or XHTML 1.0
• CSS and semantic HTML and separation of structure and presentation
• the W3C DOM (instead of the old Microsoft document.all)
• meaningful values of class and id
• meaningful alt attributes on all images
• information offered in a closed format (think Word) should also be offered in an open format

Imagine a world where all websites would be compliant to these rules... Maybe the need of meaningful values for classes and id's and some more rules aren't that important, but every new page on the web should at least valid be XHTML1.0 Transitional... When writing new pages I try to comply to most of the rules (although I didn't know about them yet), I'll take a look at the whole list, some of them might be useful too.

Now if all browsers would render XHTML/CSS code that validates properly...

More information here.

Ikke • Technology Leave a comment

I want my kids to become that smart ;-)

Ikke • Technology Leave a comment